Water intoxication
Simply replacing water isn't enough.
When working outdoors in the heat, many people drink water to replenish sweat. This is good, to prevent dehydration. However, when you drink excessive amounts of water, you dilute the natural electrolytes such as potassium and sodium. Water intoxication is a real issue in heat injuries.
A case in Los Angeles California occurred a year ago where a lady had to drink 3 gallons of water in a short period of time as part of a challenge. She succeeded and won an iPod. She was dead the next day from water intoxiciation because she had diluted her electrolytes (sodium and potassium) so much that her brain and heart were unable to function.
A good way to prevent this is of course by replacing electrolytes. Salt tablets are a good idea but must be used in moderation. If there is a need for them, be sure to drink water to balance the effects.
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nutiriton is vital. Medications help replace lost elements but you never absorb 100% of the nutrients. With natural foods, you do.
Foods high in potassium include orange juice (watch sugar content), rasins, bananas. Eating a good solid meal to include vegetables and fruit is a good foundation, while snacking on fresh fruits throughout the day will provide your body with fluids as well as vitamins.
Avoiding sugary drinks is vital too. Sugar will increase urine output and dehydrate. Fizzy drinks also actually stop the body from absorbing some minerals too. Caffeine is a diuretic, so is best avoided altogether.
PPE Measures
- Reflective clothing, worn as loosely as possible, can minimise heat stress hazards.
- Damp down clothing with water. It will help cool the body through evaporation
- Water-cooled garments range from a hood, which cools only the head, to vests and "long johns," which offer partial or complete body cooling. Use of this equipment requires a battery-driven circulating pump, liquid-ice coolant, and a container.
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